Category: Uncategorized

Thousands of taxpayers chose to spend part of their Christmas break tackling their tax affairs, with more than 4,600 people filing their Self Assessment returns on Christmas Day alone, new figures show.
Data released by HM Revenue and Customs reveals that 37,435 people submitted their returns between Christmas Eve and Boxing Day, suggesting that for a growing number of taxpayers, festive filing is becoming a seasonal habit.
Christmas Eve proved the busiest of the three days, with 22,350 returns filed. The peak hour was between 11am and noon, when 3,159 customers hit submit. On Christmas Day itself, 4,606 people completed their returns, with the busiest hour falling between 1pm and 2pm. Boxing Day saw a further 10,479 returns filed, peaking mid-afternoon.
While many opted to deal with tax rather than turkey, HMRC found attitudes were mixed when it spoke to shoppers at Manchester’s Christmas markets, where most said they would rather focus on festive food than finances.
With just one month to go until the 31 January filing deadline, HMRC is urging those who have yet to complete their return to get started as soon as possible.
Myrtle Lloyd, HMRC’s chief customer officer, said millions of people had already filed and could start the new year with “one less thing to worry about”.
“For anyone yet to file, don’t leave it until the last minute,” she said. “Filing now means you know exactly what you owe and have time to arrange payment.”
Taxpayers who submit their return by 30 December may be able to pay any tax owed through their PAYE tax code, while filing early also gives more time to explore payment plans if needed.
HMRC highlighted the use of its app and online support tools, including step-by-step guidance, webinars and YouTube videos, to help customers complete their returns and pay what they owe. The department also pointed to a new digital PAYE service for the High Income Child Benefit Charge, allowing some claimants to leave Self Assessment altogether and settle the charge through their tax code instead.
HMRC also reminded customers that Winter Fuel Payments received in autumn 2025 do not need to be included on returns for the 2024-25 tax year, as these will be recovered in the following year’s return.
With the deadline fast approaching, the message from HMRC is clear: filing early can reduce stress, provide clarity on liabilities and make the start of 2026 a little easier.
Read more:
Festive filers sleigh their Self Assessment returns as thousands log on over Christmas

Hospitals across England are increasingly turning to artificial intelligence to ease pressure on accident and emergency departments, as a new AI-powered forecasting tool is deployed to help predict when demand will be at its highest.
The system, now in use across 50 NHS organisations and available to all trusts, is designed to identify likely surges in A&E attendances days and weeks in advance. By analysing a wide range of data, from historical hospital admissions and seasonal illness trends to Met Office temperature forecasts and day-of-week patterns, the tool helps managers plan staffing levels, bed capacity and resources more effectively.
Ministers say the technology will enable patients to be seen and treated more quickly during peak periods, while reducing last-minute pressure on frontline staff. The rollout comes as emergency departments face heightened winter demand, driven by record flu cases, cold weather injuries and seasonal illness. More than 18 million flu vaccines have already been delivered this autumn, with the AI system continuing to learn from evolving seasonal health data.
For NHS staff, the forecasting tool offers clearer long-term planning and earlier warnings of potential bottlenecks, helping trusts put the right people in the right place before pressures escalate. For patients, the aim is shorter waits and smoother journeys through emergency care during the busiest times of year.
The initiative forms part of the Prime Minister’s AI Exemplars programme, which is applying artificial intelligence across public services, including health, education, justice, tax and planning, to modernise systems and improve outcomes.
Technology Secretary Liz Kendall said AI was already transforming healthcare and that demand forecasting marked the next step in that journey. She said the tool would help hospitals predict pressure points, get patients treated faster and support NHS staff during the most challenging months of the year.
Health Innovation Minister Dr Zubir Ahmed said the technology would help hospitals manage winter pressures more effectively, particularly as flu cases rise. He described the rollout as part of a broader ambition to move the NHS from analogue systems to a digital future under the government’s 10-year health plan.
Early feedback from NHS managers has been positive, with local leaders reporting improved decision-making around staffing and capacity. Integrated care boards in areas including Coventry and Warwickshire, and Bedfordshire, Luton and Milton Keynes, are already using the tool to support operational planning.
The forecasting system is one of several AI initiatives being rolled out under the Exemplars programme. Other projects include AI-assisted diagnostics to help clinicians identify conditions such as lung cancer more quickly, automated discharge summaries to speed up patient flow from wards, and the GOV.UK chatbot, which provides instant, plain-English answers to public queries using official government information.
Ministers say the growing use of AI in healthcare is central to building an NHS that is more resilient, efficient and capable of meeting rising demand — particularly during winter — while improving both patient experience and staff wellbeing.
Read more:
AI helps hospitals tackle A&E bottlenecks as NHS rolls out demand-forecasting technology

There’s a particular sound that stays with you once you’ve lived in the English countryside. Not birdsong, that’s too obvious, but the deeper rhythm of things: the tractor coughing into life at dawn, Chameau boots crunching on gravel, the hooves of the horses going out for a hack, the soft murmur of a village pub where everyone knows exactly why you’re there even if they’ve never seen you before.
I had a house in rural Northamptonshire once. Not a fantasy “weekend retreat”, but a place where life actually happened. One evening, over a pint of ‘landlord’ and slightly judgemental, the village gamekeeper offered to teach me how to shoot. “You get good enough,” he said, “and maybe you can join us on a day at the estate.”
A few sessions at the clays with a beautiful Purdey side-by-side and I was hooked, not just on hitting the target – which I am told my hit rate was very impressive – but on the world around it. The quiet discipline. The sense of responsibility. The unspoken understanding that this was not about bloodlust or bravado, but stewardship. About knowing the land, respecting it, and earning your place within it.
Which is why, as 2025 limps to a close, I find myself deeply uneasy about the future of Britain’s rural economy, and the way of life bound up in it.
We’ve been told, repeatedly, that concerns about farming, shooting, gamekeeping and rural business are either nostalgic indulgences or political dog whistles. Watch a few episodes of Clarkson’s Farm and tell me that again with a straight face. Strip away the jokes and celebrity sheen and what you’re left with is a documentary about a sector living permanently on the brink,  one failed harvest, one policy tweak, one cost spike away from collapse.
That brinkmanship became painfully clear this year when the government set its sights on agricultural inheritance tax relief. What began as a plan to end long-standing protections for family farms triggered outrage across rural Britain. As reported by the Financial Times, the subsequent retreat, raising thresholds and softening the blow, was presented as a compromise. But uncertainty, once introduced, doesn’t politely leave again. It lingers. It freezes investment. It accelerates exits.
Family farms are not tax shelters. They are capital-intensive, low-margin, generational businesses whose value is tied up in land rather than liquidity. Treating them like dormant wealth piles rather than working enterprises is how you dismantle a sector quietly, without ever admitting you meant to.
And it’s not just farmers feeling the squeeze. Gamekeeping, shooting and countryside management support tens of thousands of jobs and underpin rural tourism, hospitality and supply chains. A stark warning was sounded recently in The Telegraph’s analysis of the decline of gamekeeping, which laid bare how rising costs, regulation and political hostility are pushing skilled rural workers out altogether.
This isn’t culture war fluff. It’s economics.
Add to that the sense, increasingly hard to shake, that rural Britain is culturally misunderstood by those writing policy. Labour’s proposals around animal welfare and trail hunting have reignited fears that legislation is being shaped through an urban moral lens, with The Guardian reporting warnings from countryside groups that rural voices are being marginalised rather than engaged.
Meanwhile, the data tells its own grim story. Farm closures continue to outpace new starts, with thousands of holdings disappearing under the weight of rising costs, labour shortages and unpredictable returns, as highlighted by FarmingUK. When a farm goes, it rarely goes alone. The contractor loses work. The feed supplier closes. The pub shortens its hours. The village hollows out.
What worries me most is that this erosion is happening quietly, politely, without the drama that usually forces political reckoning. There’s no single villain. No obvious cliff edge. Just a steady draining away of viability until one day we look around and wonder where everyone went.
The countryside isn’t a theme park or a television backdrop. It’s an economic ecosystem that feeds us, employs us and anchors communities. Once it’s gone, you don’t rebuild it with grants and slogans.
I learnt to shoot because a gamekeeper trusted me with his craft. That trust, between land and people, tradition and modernity, economy and culture, is what’s really under threat. If policymakers keep treating rural Britain as a sentimental inconvenience rather than a strategic asset, they may wake up one day to find the countryside still looks beautiful… but no longer works. And that, unlike a missed clay, is a mistake you don’t get to take another shot at.
Read more:
I worry for our rural economy – and yes, it’s personal

The government is facing renewed political pressure to disclose whether Jeffrey Epstein played any role in discussions surrounding the sale of a taxpayer-backed commodities business during Labour’s last period in office.
Senior Conservatives have tabled a series of parliamentary questions demanding clarity on the $1.7bn (£1.35bn) sale of parts of Royal Bank of Scotland’s Sempra joint venture to JP Morgan in 2010, when Lord Mandelson was business secretary.
The intervention follows disclosures contained in an internal JP Morgan report from 2019, which was later filed in a New York court. The document included emails in which Epstein claimed to have facilitated meetings between Mandelson and Jes Staley, then chief executive of JP Morgan’s investment banking arm, at a time when the bank was exploring the acquisition of RBS’s commodities assets.
The exchanges took place months after Epstein had been released from prison in the United States following a conviction for soliciting a minor, a fact that has intensified scrutiny of his continued access to senior political and financial figures.
In a written parliamentary question, Kevin Hollinrake, the Conservative Party chairman and former business minister, asked what records the Department for Business and Trade held relating to correspondence involving Mandelson, Epstein and the Sempra transaction. Responding on behalf of the department, business minister Kate Dearden said that “any such information is not readily available and could only be obtained at disproportionate cost”.
That response has been challenged by further answers to parliamentary questions tabled by Mike Wood, a shadow Cabinet Office minister, which confirmed that records from the period are held electronically and can be searched by keyword.
Commenting on the discrepancy, Hollinrake said the government needed to “come clean” about Mandelson’s role in the deal. “It is simply not credible to claim it is too costly to retrieve records when the government admits they are electronic and searchable,” he said, adding that the position “only fuels concerns that Labour ministers have something to hide”.
The Treasury, responding separately to questions on the matter, said it had carried out a “proportionate search” of its archives and found no evidence of correspondence or meetings between Epstein and Treasury ministers or officials in relation to the sale. It stressed that oversight of RBS following its bailout was a Treasury responsibility.
A source close to Mandelson dismissed the allegations, describing them as “nonsense” and insisting that there were no meetings involving Epstein and that the business department had no role in the transaction. “It was a Treasury matter and he had absolutely no involvement whatsoever,” the source said.
RBS, which was bailed out by the government during the 2008 financial crisis, was required to divest a number of assets under EU competition rules, including its stake in the Sempra commodities venture.
Mandelson was dismissed as UK ambassador to the United States by Sir Keir Starmer earlier this year following revelations about his association with Epstein. Meanwhile, Jes Staley was banned by the Financial Conduct Authority in July from holding senior roles in UK financial services due to his links to Epstein.
Epstein died in a New York jail in 2019 while awaiting trial on further charges of sex trafficking minors. Recent releases of documents by the US Department of Justice detailing his network of associates have reignited scrutiny of his relationships with politicians and financiers on both sides of the Atlantic.
Read more:
Tories press Labour over Jeffrey Epstein’s alleged role in RBS commodities sale

British businesses are right to be concerned about the rise of Reform UK and should demand far tougher scrutiny of the party’s economic plans, according to Liam Byrne, the Labour chairman of the House of Commons business and trade select committee.
In an interview with The Times, Byrne said that if Reform were to become the dominant force on the political right, companies would need to take a much closer look at its policies and credibility. He warned that the business community could not afford complacency when dealing with a party whose economic approach remains unclear.
“If Reform is set to become the predominant party of the right, then businesses absolutely are going to need to understand where they’re coming from,” Byrne said. “Particularly when the economic evidence says that populist, interventionist administrations are pretty catastrophic for the economy. The next year or two are going to be quite important for the business community in really getting their head around the reality of Reform.”
His comments come at a time when Reform UK is polling strongly and stepping up its engagement with corporate Britain, even as both Labour and the Conservatives seek to rebuild trust with investors after years of economic turbulence.
Reform, led by Nigel Farage, has begun courting business leaders more actively, though some executives remain cautious. In November, the party’s head of policy, Zia Yusuf, took part in a high-profile question-and-answer session at the annual conference of the Confederation of British Industry, an appearance widely seen as an attempt to demonstrate openness to scrutiny from corporate leaders.
The party’s deputy leader, Richard Tice, is due to address a City investor event in January hosted by VSA Capital, where he is expected to outline Reform’s thinking on financial policy and the wider economy. The event has been billed as an opportunity for investors, businesses and policymakers to engage at a “crucial time” for the UK economy.
Byrne said many business leaders he speaks to are already uneasy. He described them as “fairly terrified” by the prospect of Reform gaining power, arguing that the global economic environment is already fragile without the added uncertainty of a party whose spending plans remain opaque.
“A new party like Reform has got spending plans which are so unclear,” he said. “There are so many questions about whether this would ultimately be Liz Truss mark two.”
Reform rejected that characterisation. Tice said in a statement that both Labour and the Conservatives had “wrecked the public finances” and left the economy in a far worse state than before the 2024 general election. He argued that Reform’s approach would restore discipline to public spending, lower borrowing costs and strip away what he described as unnecessary regulation.
“Only Reform will get public spending under control so that the nation’s borrowing costs come down,” Tice said. “We will also cut huge swathes of unnecessary regulation that slow growth and increase the cost of living. Then, and only then, will we cut taxes to stimulate growth.”
For Byrne, however, the message to business leaders is clear. With Reform’s influence growing, he believes companies must press the party harder on the detail behind its promises, rather than accepting broad slogans at face value.
Read more:
Business is ‘right to be worried’ by Reform UK, warns Labour’s Liam Byrne

For many music fans, 2025 will be remembered as the year Oasis returned. Their long-awaited reunion tour dominated the summer, reviving bucket hats, Britpop nostalgia and generating more than £300 million in ticket sales alone.
Yet beneath the headlines and stadium sell-outs, a far less celebratory story is unfolding across the UK’s live music ecosystem. Just 11 of the 34 grassroots venues that hosted Oasis during their first tour in 1994 are still operating today — a stark illustration of how unevenly success is now distributed across the sector.
While the biggest artists fill arenas and stadiums with ease, small venues and emerging acts are being squeezed by a combination of rising costs, changing consumer behaviour and government policy. Industry figures warn that the pipeline for discovering and developing new talent is at risk of collapse.
Julia Rowan, head of policy and public affairs at PRS for Music, says the UK’s position as a global music powerhouse can no longer be taken for granted. She argues that while live music revenues are growing overall, the benefits are increasingly concentrated at the top end of the market, leaving smaller venues exposed.
Streaming has played a central role in reshaping the industry. Platforms such as Spotify have made it easier than ever to release music, but they have also concentrated revenues among a small number of global stars. For many artists, touring has become the primary way to make a living, reversing the traditional model where live shows promoted recorded music.
That shift has helped fuel the rise of the “supertour”. Taylor Swift’s Eras tour, for example, grossed more than $2 billion globally, while legacy acts such as Paul McCartney and Bruce Springsteen continue to draw huge crowds. In the UK alone, live music generated £6.7 billion in spending last year and attracted 23.5 million music tourists.
However, the success of mega-tours is having unintended consequences. High ticket prices — often exceeding £100 or more — are absorbing fans’ disposable income, leaving less money for smaller gigs. Mark Davyd, chief executive of the Music Venue Trust, says there is a natural limit to how much audiences can spend on music in a year.
“If you’re paying £150 or £200 for a stadium ticket, that inevitably eats into the budget you have to see new or emerging artists,” he says.
At the same time, grassroots venues are battling a sharp rise in operating costs. Energy bills, rents, staffing costs and travel expenses have all increased. Labour’s rise in employers’ National Insurance contributions and the higher minimum wage have added further pressure. Even large venues have felt the impact: James Ainscough, chief executive of the Royal Albert Hall, says the NI increase alone has added £375,000 a year to the venue’s costs.
For smaller venues, the situation is more precarious. The Music Venue Trust estimates that average profit margins across grassroots venues are just 0.5 per cent. More than a third of operators are no longer paying themselves at all, with many relying on second jobs to keep venues open.
Davyd describes these venues as the industry’s “research and development labs” — essential spaces where artists learn their craft and audiences discover new music. Without them, he warns, Britain risks losing its ability to nurture future global stars. That concern is already reflected in the data: no British artist appeared in the global top 10 singles or albums in 2024 for the first time in more than 20 years, according to IFPI figures.
There are signs of collective action. A voluntary ticket levy has been introduced, allowing arenas and stadiums to add a small contribution to tickets to support grassroots venues. The Royal Albert Hall was the first major venue to adopt the levy, while the O2 Arena has agreed to share revenues when new artists perform there.
The government has voiced support for the levy and moved to cap ticket resale prices, but critics argue that recent tax and business-rates changes are undermining those efforts. As Ainscough puts it, the sector is facing a “perfect storm” of challenges.
Industry leaders stress that creativity in Britain remains abundant. What is missing, they argue, is a financial and policy environment that allows that creativity to flourish beyond the biggest stages. Without intervention, they warn, the next Oasis may never get the chance to be heard.
Read more:
Rise of the supertour leaves Britain’s grassroots music venues fighting for survival

Brits are on track to drink more than 200 million pints of low and no-alcohol beer this year, marking a record milestone that underlines a profound shift in the nation’s drinking habits.
Consumption of “no and low” beers is forecast to rise almost a fifth from 2024 levels, when around 170 million pints were sold, according to research from the British Beer & Pub Association. The trade body expects around 22 million pints to be poured in December alone, as pubs and drinkers increasingly embrace alcohol-free alternatives during the festive period.
The growth has been dramatic. Volumes in the low and no-alcohol category have risen by more than 750 per cent since 2013, driven by significant investment from brewers and changing consumer attitudes towards health and moderation. Separate figures from Drinkaware show that 45 per cent of adults have consumed no or low-alcohol drinks in the past year, up from just 22 per cent in 2021.
Pub operators say the trend is reshaping the bar. Greene King, one of the UK’s largest pub groups, has reported a 36 per cent rise in alcohol-free drink sales over the past year across its 1,600 managed sites, with packaged zero per cent beer and cider accounting for more than 70 per cent of those sales.
For specialist brewers, the shift is becoming embedded year-round. Luke Boase, founder of Lucky Saint, which is now available on draught in around 1,000 pubs, said demand had reached record levels. “We’re seeing this across every month of the year – it’s becoming ingrained in how people are drinking,” he said.
Emma McClarkin, chief executive of the BBPA, said the surge showed how effectively the industry was responding to changing tastes. “The pub has always been about more than just getting a drink, and it’s inspiring to see so many people choosing to moderate while still celebrating and socialising,” she said.
Despite the growth, brewers argue that regulation is holding the category back. In the UK, beer must be below 0.05 per cent alcohol by volume to be labelled “alcohol-free”, a stricter threshold than in many other countries, where up to 0.5 per cent is permitted. McClarkin said modernising the definition would bring the UK into line with international markets and unlock further investment and innovation.
The shift towards moderation is also creating challenges for established global brewers, as younger, more health-conscious consumers drink less alcohol overall. Low and no-alcohol beers accounted for about 2 per cent of global beer volumes last year, according to IWSR, the drinks analytics firm, which expects that share to rise to 3 per cent by 2027.
Earlier this month, Budweiser Brewing Group, the UK and Ireland arm of Anheuser-Busch InBev, opened its second European de-alcoholisation facility at its brewery in Magor, South Wales. The move means alcohol-free brands such as Corona Cero and Stella Artois 0.0 will, for the first time, be produced in Britain rather than imported from Belgium – a further sign that the no and low-alcohol boom is moving firmly into the mainstream.
Read more:
Low and no-alcohol beer breaks records as Britain’s drinking habits shift

Poundland is preparing to draw on emergency funding after a disappointing Christmas trading period intensified concerns over the discount retailer’s recovery.
The chain is set to tap a £30m overdraft facility provided by its former owner, Pepco, after festive footfall and sales fell short of expectations. The move follows a tough few months for the retailer, which was rescued in the summer by distressed investment specialist Gordon Brothers in a court-approved restructuring deal.
Gordon Brothers acquired Poundland for a nominal £1, a transaction that safeguarded the majority of its 16,000 jobs across 825 UK stores but also paved the way for widespread closures. Under the terms of the deal, Pepco agreed to provide financial support, including an immediate £30m loan and a further £30m credit facility in the form of an overdraft.
Since taking control, Gordon Brothers has closed two warehouses and shut 68 of Poundland’s worst-performing stores, putting more than 2,000 roles at risk, as it attempts to stabilise the business and return it to profitability.
Data from Sensormatic shows that UK high street footfall was down 13 per cent year-on-year on December 23, typically one of the busiest shopping days of the calendar. Retailers are also bracing for a weak start to 2026, with the Confederation of British Industry reporting that sales expectations are now at their lowest level since March 2021.
Against this backdrop, Gordon Brothers informed Pepco in recent weeks that it intended to access the overdraft facility after revenues fell below forecast, creating a short-term liquidity squeeze. Poundland plans to draw down the funding in two stages, with an initial tranche in January and further access later in the year.
Pepco is understood to have initially resisted the request, fuelling fresh questions over Poundland’s longer-term prospects, but agreement was ultimately reached at board level, easing immediate concerns over the retailer’s cash position.
A team of advisers is closely monitoring the turnaround. Gordon Brothers has brought in forensic accountants from AlixPartners to oversee cash flow, while Poundland’s board has appointed FRP Advisory as specialist corporate finance advisers.
Under the restructuring plan, Poundland is expected to close around 130 stores by February next year. Clearance sales are already under way in locations earmarked for closure, with discounts of up to 40 per cent.
Earlier this week, the retailer confirmed it would remain closed on Christmas Day, Boxing Day and New Year’s Day, continuing a policy aimed at prioritising staff wellbeing.
A Poundland spokesperson said the restructuring had provided sufficient financial headroom to implement recovery plans and stressed that the business continued to receive full backing from both Gordon Brothers and Pepco. “While there remains much to do, we are pleased with the progress made in recent months as we work to get the business back on track,” the spokesperson said.
Pepco declined to comment.
Read more:
Poundland turns to emergency overdraft after concerns over discount retailer’s recovery

Sir Keir Starmer is preparing to push Britain into significantly stricter net zero commitments as part of negotiations to rejoin the EU’s internal electricity market, a move that has triggered accusations from critics that the government is surrendering control over UK energy policy.
The Prime Minister and Ed Miliband, the Energy Secretary, are in talks with Brussels over closer alignment with the EU’s electricity trading system, which treats the bloc’s 27 member states and Norway as a single, integrated power market. Britain left the system following Brexit in 2021.
However, EU officials have made clear that re-entry would require the UK to sign up to the bloc’s wider renewable energy and decarbonisation framework. That would mean committing not just to cleaning up electricity generation, but to accelerating decarbonisation across heating, transport and industry.
In effect, Britain would need to double its existing net zero ambition. The EU currently requires 42.5 per cent of total energy consumption to come from renewable sources by 2030, with an aspiration to reach 45 per cent. The UK’s current figure stands at around 22 per cent.
The potential commitment was revealed in a technical document quietly published on the Cabinet Office website, which states that any electricity agreement should include “an indicative global target for the share of renewable energy in the gross final consumption of energy in the United Kingdom”, comparable to that of the EU to ensure a “level playing field”.
Shadow energy secretary Claire Coutinho said the move would amount to handing decision-making power back to Brussels. She warned that UK ministers could be forced to pursue emissions reductions “regardless of what it will do to people’s energy bills or the competitiveness of our businesses”.
The issue comes as Labour continues its broader push to reset relations with the EU, with some MPs urging a return to the customs union, a position Starmer has so far ruled out.
Supporters of closer alignment argue that rejoining the internal electricity market would bring tangible benefits. Britain is already heavily reliant on imported power via subsea interconnectors linking the UK to France, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands and Denmark. At times, close to a fifth of UK electricity is generated overseas, with even higher reliance in London and the South East.
Outside the EU market, UK energy traders cannot use automated cross-border trading systems and must purchase electricity and interconnector capacity separately, a process the industry estimates adds up to £370 million a year in avoidable costs.
Barnaby Wharton, head of grid policy at Renewable UK, said better integration with European markets would improve efficiency and lower costs for consumers by smoothing supply during periods of low wind or solar generation.
Critics, however, argue that the scale of the EU’s renewable targets makes them unrealistic for the UK within the required timeframe. Electricity accounts for only about 20 per cent of Britain’s total energy use, while heating, transport and industrial processes make up the majority. Oil and gas still supply roughly three-quarters of total UK energy demand.
Energy analyst David Turver said the EU targets were effectively “unachievable” without drastic reductions in overall energy consumption, warning that they could risk higher bills or industrial decline if imposed too aggressively.
A Cabinet Office spokesperson said the published text was part of an ongoing process and would form the basis of further negotiations next year. They stressed that closer cooperation on electricity could cut costs, strengthen energy security and support investment, but declined to comment further while talks continue.
Read more:
Starmer set to align UK with tougher EU net zero targets under electricity market talks